13 chapters · 8 questions each · Click any chapter to expand
Define a hypothesis. How does it differ from a theory?
List the SI units of length, mass, time and temperature.
Why is it important to use standard units in measurement?
Describe the steps of the scientific method with an example.
Name three instruments used to measure length, mass and time respectively.
State two qualities of a good scientist.
Calculate the density of a body of mass 50 g and volume 10 cm³.
Give one example each of an observation and an inference.
State the postulates of the cell theory and name the scientists associated.
Differentiate between a plant cell and an animal cell with at least three points.
Why is the mitochondrion called the powerhouse of the cell?
Define osmosis. Give one example.
Draw a labelled diagram of a typical plant cell.
What will happen if a plant cell is placed in (i) a hypertonic solution (ii) a hypotonic solution?
Name the cell organelle responsible for protein synthesis and the one called the suicide bag.
Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells with examples.
Define a tissue. Why is the study of tissues important?
Differentiate between meristematic and permanent tissue.
Name three types of muscle tissue and state one location of each in the body.
Draw a neuron and label its parts.
State the functions of xylem and phloem.
What is the role of areolar tissue in the body?
Why are striated muscles called voluntary muscles?
List the components of blood and the function of each.
Differentiate between distance and displacement with an example.
A car starts from rest and reaches 20 m/s in 5 s. Find its acceleration.
A train travels 60 km in 1 hour and the next 60 km in 1.5 hours. Find the average speed.
Derive the equation v = u + at.
A ball is thrown vertically upward with 19.6 m/s. Find the maximum height. (g = 9.8 m/s²)
Draw the velocity-time graph for uniform motion and uniformly accelerated motion.
Why is uniform circular motion called accelerated motion?
The velocity of a body changes from 10 m/s to 30 m/s in 4 s. Find the distance covered.
Differentiate between a pure substance and a mixture with two examples each.
What is the Tyndall effect? Give an example where it can be observed.
Suggest a method to separate: (i) sand and water (ii) iron filings and sulphur (iii) salt and water.
A solution contains 40 g of salt in 320 g of water. Calculate the mass percent of solute.
Differentiate between solution, suspension and colloid with one example each.
Why is fractional distillation used to separate petroleum products?
State two differences between a physical change and a chemical change with examples.
How will you separate a mixture of camphor and salt?
State Newton's three laws of motion with one example each.
Define inertia. Why does a passenger lurch forward when a moving bus stops suddenly?
Calculate the force required to give an acceleration of 5 m/s² to a body of mass 10 kg.
State the law of conservation of momentum and explain with the example of a recoiling gun.
A truck of mass 1000 kg is moving at 20 m/s. Find its momentum.
Differentiate between mass and weight.
Why are tyres of vehicles made with grooves?
A force of 50 N acts on an area of 0.5 m². Find the pressure.
State the conditions for work to be done. Give one example each of positive and negative work.
A body of mass 5 kg is moving at 10 m/s. Find its kinetic energy.
State and prove the law of conservation of energy for a freely falling body.
Define power. A pump lifts 200 kg of water to a height of 10 m in 20 s. Find its power.
Differentiate between kinetic energy and potential energy.
A force of 20 N moves a body through 5 m in the direction of force. Find the work done.
What is meant by 1 kilowatt-hour? Express it in joules.
Name three simple machines and state where each is used in daily life.
Describe Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment and its conclusions.
State the postulates of Bohr's model of the atom.
Differentiate between isotopes and isobars with examples.
An atom has atomic number 17 and mass number 35. Find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Write the electronic configuration of sodium (Z = 11) and chlorine (Z = 17).
Why was Thomson's model rejected?
What is the valency of magnesium (Z = 12) and oxygen (Z = 8)?
Name two isotopes of hydrogen and state one use of any isotope.
State the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant proportions.
State Dalton's atomic theory.
Calculate the molecular mass of (i) H2O (ii) CO2 (iii) H2SO4.
How many moles are present in 36 g of water?
Define mole. How many particles are present in 1 mole of any substance?
Write the chemical formulae of (i) sodium chloride (ii) calcium carbonate (iii) ammonium sulphate.
Calculate the number of molecules in 11 g of CO2.
What is the difference between an atom and a molecule? Give two examples of each.
Define wavelength, frequency, amplitude and time period of a wave.
Why can sound not travel through vacuum?
The frequency of a sound wave is 250 Hz and its wavelength is 1.3 m. Find its speed.
Differentiate between an echo and a reverberation.
What is the audible range of frequency for the human ear?
State two applications of ultrasound.
A SONAR signal sent into the sea returns after 4 s. If speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s, find the depth.
Why is sound called a longitudinal wave?
Define reproduction. Why is it important for living organisms?
Differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction with examples.
Describe binary fission with the help of an example.
Draw a labelled diagram of a typical flower and label its essential parts.
What is pollination? Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Describe the structure of the human male reproductive system.
What changes occur during puberty in boys and girls?
Why is it said that sexual reproduction promotes variation among offspring?
Why do we need classification of living organisms?
List the seven categories in the hierarchy of classification.
Name the five kingdoms in Whittaker's classification with one example from each.
Differentiate between monocot and dicot plants.
What is binomial nomenclature? Who proposed it?
Give two characteristics each of mammals and reptiles with one example.
Why are bryophytes called the amphibians of the plant kingdom?
State two differences between kingdom Monera and kingdom Protista.
Name the four spheres of the Earth and define each briefly.
Draw and explain the water cycle.
Why is the carbon cycle important? Mention the main steps.
Describe the nitrogen cycle with a neat diagram.
What is the greenhouse effect? Name two greenhouse gases.
List four human activities that contribute to climate change.
Define an ecosystem. Give one example each of a natural and an artificial ecosystem.
Suggest four ways in which we can conserve natural resources at home and school.
