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Previous Year Questions

CBSE Class 9 Science
Previous Year Questions

Chapter-wise questions from 2018–2024 Annual Exams  ·  Physics, Chemistry & Biology  ·  Year & marks labelled

Questions are grouped by chapter and labelled with the exam year and marks. Covers CBSE annual and half-yearly exam papers from 2018 to 2024 across all 15 chapters of the NCERT Class 9 Science syllabus.

01 Exploration: Entering the World of Secondary Science 10 questions
1
What is the physical state of water at (a) 25°C, (b) 100°C, (c) 250°C?
2018 Annual1 Mark
2
Convert the following temperatures to the Celsius scale: (a) 300 K, (b) 573 K.
2019 Annual1 Mark
3
Why does steam at 100°C cause more severe burns than boiling water at the same temperature?
2021 Annual2 Marks
4
A student observes that while boiling water the temperature remains constant at 100°C even though heat is still being supplied. Explain why, and name the heat absorbed during this process.
2020 Annual2 Marks
5
Define latent heat of fusion. How much heat is needed to convert 1 kg of ice at 0°C into water at 0°C? (Latent heat of fusion of ice = 334 J/g)
2022 Annual2 Marks
6
Arrange the following in increasing order of forces of attraction between their particles: water, sugar, oxygen.
2024 Annual1 Mark
7
Why does a desert cooler cool better on a hot, dry day compared to a humid day? Explain using the concept of evaporation.
2019 Annual2 Marks
8
Tabulate the differences between solids, liquids and gases in terms of shape, volume, compressibility and fluidity.
2020 Annual3 Marks
9
List the four factors that affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid. Explain each briefly.
2023 Annual3 Marks
10
A sample of water was found to boil at 102°C at normal atmospheric pressure. Is the water pure? Will this water freeze at 0°C? Give reasons.
2021 Annual2 Marks
02 Exploring Mixtures and their Separation 10 questions
1
Identify the solutions among the following mixtures: soil, sea water, air, coal, soda water.
2021 Annual1 Mark
2
Which of the following will show the Tyndall effect? Salt solution, milk, copper sulphate solution, starch solution.
2022 Annual1 Mark
3
List the two conditions essential for using distillation as a method for separating the components of a mixture.
2019 Annual2 Marks
4
Water is a compound and not a mixture. Justify this statement giving two reasons.
2020 Annual2 Marks
5
To make a saturated solution, 36 g of sodium chloride is dissolved in 100 g of water at 293 K. Find the concentration in terms of mass-by-mass percentage of the solution.
2018 Annual2 Marks
6
Distinguish between a true solution, a colloidal solution and a suspension on the basis of particle size and Tyndall effect.
2023 Annual3 Marks
7
Name the separation technique used to separate cream from milk. Explain the principle behind this method.
2020 Annual2 Marks
8
How will you separate a mixture containing kerosene and petrol (difference in their boiling points is less than 25 K)? Explain the process and draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus used.
2019 Annual3 Marks
9
Classify the following as elements, compounds and mixtures: sodium, soil, sugar solution, silver, calcium carbonate, air.
2021 Annual2 Marks
10
Why is crystallisation considered a better technique than simple evaporation for purification of a substance? Give one example where crystallisation is used.
2024 Annual2 Marks
03 Atomic Foundations of Matter 10 questions
1
State the law of conservation of mass. Who proposed it?
2019 Annual1 Mark
2
Write the chemical formula of: (a) aluminium sulphate, (b) calcium phosphate, (c) ammonium chloride.
2021 Annual1 Mark
3
Calculate the molar mass of: (a) H2O, (b) HNO3, (c) CO2.
2020 Annual2 Marks
4
State the law of definite proportions (law of constant composition). Give one example to illustrate it.
2023 Annual2 Marks
5
Convert the following into moles: (a) 12 g of oxygen gas (O2), (b) 20 g of water, (c) 22 g of carbon dioxide.
2022 Annual2 Marks
6
Calculate the number of molecules in 5.6 L of CO2 at STP. (Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 1023)
2018 Annual2 Marks
7
Aluminium has valency 3 and oxygen has valency 2. Write the formula of aluminium oxide and calculate its molar mass. (Al = 27, O = 16)
2024 Annual2 Marks
8
A 0.24 g sample of a compound of oxygen and boron was found to contain 0.096 g of boron and 0.144 g of oxygen. Calculate the percentage composition of the compound by weight.
2019 Annual3 Marks
9
Calculate the number of atoms present in: (a) 52 g of helium (He), (b) 12 g of helium. (He = 4 u)
2022 Annual3 Marks
10
What is the significance of the mole concept? Calculate the mass of 3 moles of sulphur dioxide (SO2). (S = 32, O = 16)
2021 Annual3 Marks
04 Journey Inside the Atom 10 questions
1
State any two limitations of Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom.
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
The atomic number of magnesium is 12. Write the electronic configuration of Mg2+ ion. Is it similar to the electronic configuration of any noble gas?
2022 Annual1 Mark
3
Write the distribution of electrons in the orbits of chlorine (atomic number 17). What is the valency of chlorine?
2020 Annual2 Marks
4
Compare the properties of electrons, protons and neutrons with respect to charge, mass and location in the atom.
2021 Annual3 Marks
5
What is an isotope? Give two isotopes of hydrogen. Mention any one use of radioactive isotopes.
2019 Annual3 Marks
6
Define isobars. Give one example. In what way are isobars different from isotopes?
2023 Annual2 Marks
7
An element has mass number 23 and its nucleus contains 12 neutrons. (a) Name the element. (b) Write the number of electrons in its neutral atom. (c) Draw the Bohr's model of its atom.
2018 Annual3 Marks
8
Describe Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment. State the key observations and the conclusions drawn from each observation.
2020 Annual3 Marks
9
Write the postulates of Bohr's model of the atom. State the formula for calculating the maximum number of electrons in any shell.
2024 Annual3 Marks
10
The mass number of element X is 35 and it has 18 neutrons. Find the atomic number of X, identify the element and write its electronic configuration.
2021 Annual2 Marks
05 Cell: The Building Block of Life 10 questions
1
Who discovered the cell? Name the scientists who formulated the cell theory.
2019 Annual1 Mark
2
Why is the plasma membrane called a selectively permeable membrane?
2021 Annual2 Marks
3
What is osmosis? What will happen when a raisin is placed in plain water for a few hours? Explain in terms of osmosis.
2022 Annual3 Marks
4
Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells on the basis of (a) presence of nucleus, (b) cell size, and (c) example organisms.
2019 Annual3 Marks
5
Draw a well-labelled diagram of a plant cell. Label any four organelles and state one function of each.
2020 Annual3 Marks
6
What is the role of vacuoles in plant cells? How does their role differ from vacuoles in animal cells?
2023 Annual2 Marks
7
Write two functions each of: (a) mitochondria, (b) Golgi apparatus.
2018 Annual2 Marks
8
Explain how chromosomes are related to genes. Where are chromosomes located in the cell? What are the units of inheritance?
2024 Annual2 Marks
9
What is diffusion? How does diffusion differ from osmosis? Give one example of each in living organisms.
2021 Annual2 Marks
10
Why do plant cells require a cell wall in addition to the cell membrane? State any two functions of the cell wall.
2020 Annual2 Marks
06 Tissues in Action 10 questions
1
Define a tissue. Why do multicellular organisms have tissues instead of having all the same type of cells?
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
Name the two types of meristematic tissue based on location. Give one example of each.
2020 Annual2 Marks
3
What is the difference between parenchyma and collenchyma? In what ways is sclerenchyma different from both?
2021 Annual3 Marks
4
Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron. State the function of: (a) dendrite, (b) axon, (c) myelin sheath.
2022 Annual3 Marks
5
Differentiate between striated, non-striated and cardiac muscle tissue on the basis of structure, location and whether they are under voluntary or involuntary control.
2019 Annual3 Marks
6
What is epidermis? Why is epidermis important for plants? What special modification does the epidermis have in desert plants?
2023 Annual2 Marks
7
Name the two fluid connective tissues in the human body. What are the functions of each?
2020 Annual2 Marks
8
Xylem and phloem are complex tissues. Justify this by naming all the cellular components of each.
2018 Annual3 Marks
9
What is cork? How is it formed? State two functions of cork in plants.
2021 Annual2 Marks
10
Why are mitotic cell divisions restricted to meristematic tissue in plants? What would happen if other plant cells also divided continuously?
2024 Annual2 Marks
07 Patterns in Life: Diversity and Classification 10 questions
1
Who proposed the five-kingdom classification? Name the five kingdoms.
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
What are the basic criteria used for classifying organisms into different groups?
2020 Annual2 Marks
3
What is the difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms? Give one example of each. Name one plant from each that is economically important.
2021 Annual2 Marks
4
Name the phyla to which each of the following organisms belong: (a) earthworm, (b) prawn, (c) housefly, (d) sea anemone.
2019 Annual2 Marks
5
Write three characteristics of Class Mammalia. Give two examples of mammals.
2023 Annual3 Marks
6
Distinguish between monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Give two examples of each.
2018 Annual3 Marks
7
State any three features that distinguish fungi from plants.
2024 Annual2 Marks
8
What is binomial nomenclature? Who introduced it? Give the scientific name of (a) mango, (b) human beings.
2021 Annual2 Marks
9
Compare Thallophyta and Bryophyta on the basis of (a) presence of vascular tissue, (b) mode of nutrition, (c) body organisation. Give one example of each.
2022 Annual3 Marks
10
Why is classification of living organisms important? Who is known as the father of taxonomy?
2020 Annual2 Marks
08 Describing Motion Around Us 10 questions
1
Define uniform circular motion. Give one example. Is it an accelerated motion? Why?
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
Distinguish between distance and displacement. Under what condition is the magnitude of displacement equal to the distance?
2020 Annual2 Marks
3
An object is moving with a velocity of 5 m/s. After 10 s its velocity becomes 25 m/s. Calculate the acceleration of the object.
2021 Annual2 Marks
4
Draw a velocity-time graph for an object moving with uniform acceleration starting from rest. How will you calculate the distance covered from this graph?
2022 Annual3 Marks
5
A bus starts from rest and attains a velocity of 60 km/h in 5 minutes. Find: (a) acceleration, (b) distance covered in this period.
2019 Annual3 Marks
6
Derive the third equation of motion: v2 = u2 + 2as, using the first and second equations of motion.
2020 Annual3 Marks
7
A stone is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. Taking g = 10 m/s², find: (a) maximum height reached, (b) time taken to reach maximum height.
2023 Annual3 Marks
8
A racing car has a uniform acceleration of 4 m/s². What distance will it cover in 10 s after the start?
2024 Annual2 Marks
9
Define uniform motion and non-uniform motion. Give one example of each. Is a body moving in a circle at constant speed undergoing uniform or non-uniform motion?
2018 Annual2 Marks
10
A train starting from rest attains a velocity of 72 km/h in 5 minutes. Assuming uniform acceleration, find: (a) acceleration, (b) distance traveled by the train for attaining this velocity.
2021 Annual3 Marks
09 How Forces Affect Motion 20 questions
1
When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. Which law of Newton does this illustrate? Explain.
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
Why is it advised to tie luggage kept on the roof of a bus with a rope? Which property of matter does this relate to?
2020 Annual2 Marks
3
State Newton's second law of motion. Derive F = ma mathematically from it.
2018 Annual3 Marks
4
A stone of mass 1 kg is thrown with a velocity of 20 m/s across a frozen lake and comes to rest after traveling 50 m. What is the force of friction between the stone and the ice?
2021 Annual2 Marks
5
A bullet of mass 10 g traveling at 150 m/s strikes a stationary wooden block and comes to rest in 0.03 s. Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by the wooden block on the bullet.
2022 Annual3 Marks
6
State Newton's third law of motion. Explain how a boat is pushed forward when a sailor uses oars.
2023 Annual3 Marks
7
From a rifle of mass 4 kg, a bullet of mass 50 g is fired with an initial velocity of 35 m/s. Calculate the initial recoil velocity of the rifle.
2020 Annual3 Marks
8
An object of mass 1 kg traveling in a straight line at 10 m/s collides with and sticks to a stationary wooden block of mass 5 kg. Calculate the total momentum just before impact and the velocity of the combined object after collision.
2024 Annual3 Marks
9
Explain why it is difficult for a fireman to hold a hose that ejects large amounts of water at high velocity. Which law of Newton explains this?
2019 Annual2 Marks
10
Two objects, each of mass 1.5 kg, are moving toward each other with velocities of 2.5 m/s each. They collide and stick together. What will be the velocity of the combined object after the collision?
2021 Annual3 Marks
11
State the universal law of gravitation. Write its mathematical expression. What is the SI unit of G?
2019 Annual2 Marks
12
Why is 'G' called the universal gravitational constant? What is its value?
2020 Annual1 Mark
13
Give three differences between the acceleration due to gravity (g) and the universal gravitational constant (G).
2021 Annual3 Marks
14
A ball is dropped from a height of 49 m. Calculate its final velocity just before it strikes the ground. (g = 9.8 m/s²)
2022 Annual2 Marks
15
Show that the weight of an object on the Moon is 1/6th of its weight on Earth.
2019 Annual3 Marks
16
A stone dropped from the top of a building takes 4 s to reach the ground. Calculate the height of the building. (g = 10 m/s²)
2023 Annual2 Marks
17
Why does a body reach the ground quicker when dropped at the pole compared to the equator?
2018 Annual2 Marks
18
A force of 20 N acts on a body weighing 9.8 N. Find: (a) mass of the body, (b) acceleration produced. (g = 9.8 m/s²)
2020 Annual3 Marks
19
What will happen to the weight of a body if the Earth's radius doubles while its mass remains the same? Justify your answer.
2024 Annual2 Marks
20
Define: (a) gravitational force, (b) free fall, (c) weight. How is mass different from weight?
2021 Annual3 Marks
10 Work, Energy, and Simple Machines 10 questions
1
Define work. When is work done by a force said to be negative? Give one example.
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
A lamp consumes 1000 J of electrical energy in 10 s. What is its power?
2020 Annual1 Mark
3
Define kinetic energy. Derive the formula KE = ½mv2.
2021 Annual3 Marks
4
A stone of mass 10 kg is thrown vertically upward at 40 m/s. At what height are the potential energy and kinetic energy equal? (g = 10 m/s²)
2022 Annual3 Marks
5
Explain the law of conservation of energy using the example of a freely falling ball. Show that the total mechanical energy remains constant at every point.
2023 Annual3 Marks
6
A person of mass 50 kg climbs stairs of height 5 m in 4 s. Calculate: (a) work done, (b) power developed. (g = 10 m/s²)
2018 Annual3 Marks
7
A car of mass 1800 kg is moving at 30 m/s when a braking force of 6000 N is applied. Find the stopping distance.
2020 Annual3 Marks
8
Calculate the kinetic energy of a body of mass 5 kg moving at 5 m/s. What is the kinetic energy when the speed is doubled?
2024 Annual2 Marks
9
Differentiate between potential energy and kinetic energy with two examples each.
2021 Annual2 Marks
10
A pendulum swings from side to side and eventually comes to rest. Why does it stop? Does this violate the law of conservation of energy? Explain.
2019 Annual2 Marks
11 Sound Waves: Characteristics and Applications 10 questions
1
Define wavelength, frequency and time period of a sound wave. What is the relation between frequency and time period?
2019 Annual3 Marks
2
A sound wave has a frequency of 2 kHz and wavelength 35 cm. How long will it take to travel 1.5 km?
2020 Annual2 Marks
3
What is meant by an echo? State the minimum distance from the reflecting surface required to produce an echo. What is the condition on the duration of the original sound?
2021 Annual2 Marks
4
What is SONAR? Explain how the depth of the sea can be measured using SONAR. Write the formula used.
2022 Annual3 Marks
5
Why do we see a lightning flash before hearing the thunder, even though both are produced simultaneously? Calculate how far a thunderstorm is if the thunder is heard 5 s after the lightning is seen. (Speed of sound = 340 m/s)
2019 Annual2 Marks
6
What is reverberation? How is it different from echo? How can reverberation be reduced in large auditoriums?
2018 Annual3 Marks
7
The speed of sound depends on which properties of the medium? How does the speed of sound vary with temperature?
2024 Annual2 Marks
8
Write the audible range of frequencies for human beings. What is ultrasound? Give two applications of ultrasound in medicine.
2020 Annual3 Marks
9
Explain how the frequency of vibration of a source affects the pitch of the sound produced. Give one example.
2023 Annual2 Marks
10
Compare the propagation of sound waves and light waves. Give two reasons why sound cannot travel in a vacuum.
2021 Annual2 Marks
12 Reproduction: How Life Continues 10 questions
1
Define health. How is being healthy different from merely being disease-free?
2019 Annual2 Marks
2
Distinguish between infectious and non-infectious diseases with one example each.
2020 Annual2 Marks
3
What is meant by immunity? How does vaccination provide immunity against a disease? Give one example of a vaccine.
2021 Annual3 Marks
4
Name the causative organism for the following diseases: (a) malaria, (b) tuberculosis, (c) sleeping sickness, (d) kala-azar.
2022 Annual2 Marks
5
What are antibiotics? How do they work against bacteria? Can they be used against viral infections? Give reasons.
2019 Annual3 Marks
6
Explain the statement: "Being disease-free is not the same as being healthy." Give two examples to support this statement.
2018 Annual3 Marks
7
List any three differences between acute and chronic diseases. Give one example of each.
2020 Annual3 Marks
8
How does the Aedes mosquito cause dengue? Mention two symptoms of dengue fever.
2024 Annual2 Marks
9
Write any three public health measures that can help in preventing infectious diseases in the community.
2021 Annual2 Marks
10
Why do we need to take different vaccines for different diseases even though the purpose of vaccination is the same?
2023 Annual2 Marks
13 Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life 20 questions
1
Name the three major abiotic components of the biosphere that interact with living organisms.
2019 Annual1 Mark
2
Explain the carbon cycle in nature with a labelled diagram. Why is the carbon cycle important?
2020 Annual3 Marks
3
What is the role of the ozone layer in protecting life on Earth? How is it being depleted by human activity?
2021 Annual3 Marks
4
State any three consequences of soil erosion. Mention two methods to prevent soil erosion.
2022 Annual3 Marks
5
Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable natural resources. Give two examples of each.
2019 Annual2 Marks
6
Explain how the water cycle helps to maintain the water balance in nature. Name the processes involved.
2023 Annual3 Marks
7
Why is nitrogen important for living organisms? Briefly explain the nitrogen cycle and how nitrogen is made available to plants.
2018 Annual3 Marks
8
How does the excess release of carbon dioxide affect climate? What are the consequences of global warming?
2024 Annual2 Marks
9
What are the effects of acid rain on (a) aquatic life, (b) monuments, (c) soil fertility?
2021 Annual2 Marks
10
What is a biogeochemical cycle? Why are these cycles important for maintaining life on Earth? Give one example.
2020 Annual2 Marks
11
Define the term 'hybridisation' in the context of crop improvement. Give one example where hybridisation has been used.
2019 Annual2 Marks
12
What is crop rotation? Give two advantages of practising crop rotation in farming.
2020 Annual2 Marks
13
Distinguish between manure and chemical fertilizer. Which is considered more environment-friendly and why?
2021 Annual3 Marks
14
Name any four biotic and two abiotic factors that cause crop losses. What are the different methods of crop protection management?
2022 Annual3 Marks
15
What is composite fish culture? Name any three fish species used in a composite fish culture system and state the advantage of this system.
2019 Annual3 Marks
16
What are the advantages of intercropping over conventional monoculture farming? How is intercropping different from mixed cropping?
2020 Annual2 Marks
17
Define the following: (a) capture fishing, (b) mariculture, (c) aquaculture.
2018 Annual3 Marks
18
Name the three macronutrients required by plants. What is the role of each nutrient in plant growth? Name one deficiency symptom for each.
2024 Annual3 Marks
19
What is organic farming? State two advantages of organic farming over conventional farming that uses synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
2021 Annual2 Marks
20
What is meant by genetic improvement of cattle? Give one example of a cross-breed that has improved milk production in India.
2023 Annual3 Marks